World Cup 2026: PAHO Warns Fans Of Disease, Heat Risks; Urges Vaccination

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has issued health recommendations for football fans and travellers attending the 2026 FIFA World Cup, warning that mass gatherings could increase exposure to infectious diseases, heat-related illnesses and other health risks.

The global football tournament, scheduled to take place in Canada, Mexico and the United States, is expected to attract millions of spectators to stadiums, fan zones, public transportation systems and other crowded spaces.

PAHO, in its latest public health advisory, urged travellers to take preventive measures before and during the tournament, including ensuring that their vaccinations are up to date.

The health body specifically highlighted the need for protection against measles, noting that the disease remains highly contagious and can spread rapidly in crowded environments.

“Measles is highly contagious, and the risk of transmission increases in crowded environments,” PAHO stated, adding that a single infected person could spread the virus to up to 18 unprotected individuals.

The organisation also advised travellers to review other recommended vaccines, including those for influenza, COVID-19, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, and hepatitis A and B, based on their destination and personal health circumstances.

PAHO said preparation before travel was essential, encouraging fans to carry basic health kits, sufficient medication for the duration of their trips, health insurance details and important documents such as vaccination records.

According to the organisation, maintaining healthy habits before departure, including adequate rest, proper nutrition and physical activity, would help travellers cope with the demands of attending the global sporting event.

The health agency warned that large gatherings could increase the spread of respiratory infections, foodborne diseases and injuries, urging spectators to observe basic safety measures.

“Frequent handwashing, drinking safe water, choosing properly cooked foods, and ensuring proper ventilation in enclosed spaces” were among the preventive measures recommended by PAHO.

The organisation also cautioned fans about high temperatures during the tournament period, advising them to stay hydrated, seek shade and avoid excessive activity during the hottest periods of the day to reduce the risk of dehydration and heat-related illness.

PAHO further highlighted environmental risks, particularly mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya in some host cities, especially in Mexico.

Travellers were advised to use insect repellents and wear protective clothing to reduce exposure to mosquito bites.

The health body also called attention to sexual health protection during travel and mass gatherings, encouraging responsible behaviour and the use of preventive measures against sexually transmitted infections.

PAHO added that limiting alcohol consumption could help reduce health risks, noting that alcohol can worsen dehydration and affect judgement in crowded or hot environments.

The organisation urged fans to rely on official health information and seek medical attention quickly if they experience symptoms such as fever, rash or difficulty breathing during or after their travels.

“Acting early allows for timely treatment and helps reduce the risk of transmission to others,” PAHO said.

The agency stressed that protecting health during major sporting events remains a shared responsibility, with simple preventive actions helping safeguard both individuals and communities.